Edo wedding traditions to know
Edo weddings, particularly those of the Bini people, are vibrant and steeped in traditions that reflect the rich cultural heritage of the Edo people. The customs combine ancient practices with contemporary elements, making them unique and colorful celebrations. Here are some key Edo wedding traditions:
1. Marriage Proposal (Ivie Ewere or Igbeyawo)
* The marriage process begins with the groom's family visiting the bride's family to ask for her hand in marriage. This visit is known as Igbeyawo or Ivie Ewere. The groom’s family brings gifts like kola nuts, alligator pepper, and traditional drinks to symbolize their intention and respect. The bride’s family then deliberates on the proposal, often consulting with the bride, before giving their consent.
2. Bride Price (Ewere)
* The payment of the bride price, known as Ewere, is an essential part of Edo weddings. The groom’s family presents money, drinks, and other items requested by the bride’s family. The bride price is often symbolic, and its payment signifies the groom’s commitment and respect towards the bride and her family.
3. Traditional Marriage Ceremony
* The traditional marriage ceremony in Edo culture is elaborate and filled with symbolic rituals:
* Presentation of the Bride: The bride is introduced to the groom’s family and the guests in a grand procession. She is usually dressed in traditional attire, often a beaded outfit, which includes a wrapper, coral beads, and a beaded crown known as Okuku. The bride may make several appearances in different outfits, each more elaborate than the last.
* Coral Beads (Ivie): The bride wears coral beads around her neck, wrists, and ankles, symbolizing wealth, beauty, and royalty. The coral beads are a significant aspect of Edo culture, representing the bride’s connection to her roots and the esteem of her family.
* Blessing of the Union: Elders from both families bless the couple, offering prayers for a successful and prosperous marriage. These blessings are deeply spiritual, invoking the protection of the ancestors and the gods.
4. Iru Esin (Bride's Transfer)
* Iru Esin is the ceremony where the bride is formally handed over to the groom’s family. This event is accompanied by rituals that signify the bride's departure from her family and her entry into a new phase of life as a married woman. The bride is often surrounded by her friends and family, who offer their blessings and advice.
5. Exchange of Gifts
* The groom’s family presents gifts to the bride’s family, which can include items like food, clothes, and other traditional goods. This exchange of gifts symbolizes goodwill and the merging of the two families. The bride’s family also presents gifts to the groom, reinforcing the bond between the families.
6. Igonoba
* Igonoba is a unique Edo tradition where the bride, dressed in her finest attire, is presented to the Oba (king) or a representative, seeking his blessings for the marriage. This ceremony highlights the cultural and royal heritage of the Edo people. The Oba’s blessings are considered vital for a prosperous and harmonious marriage.
7. Feeding Ritual
* The bride and groom feed each other during the ceremony, often with traditional foods like kola nuts or alligator pepper. This act symbolizes their commitment to care for and support each other throughout their marriage.
8. Traditional Music and Dance
* Music and dance are central to Edo weddings. Traditional musicians play instruments like the ekpoma drums, and dancers perform cultural dances that reflect the joy and celebration of the occasion. The couple and their guests often participate in these dances, adding to the festive atmosphere.
9. Wedding Attire
* The bride’s attire is one of the most visually striking aspects of an Edo wedding. She typically wears a richly adorned wrapper, known as Okuku, along with layers of coral beads and an intricately beaded crown. The groom’s attire is equally elaborate, often consisting of a white shirt, George wrapper, coral beads, and a traditional cap.
10. White Wedding
* In addition to the traditional wedding, many Edo couples also have a white wedding, which follows Christian or Western customs. This event usually takes place in a church and includes the exchange of vows and rings, followed by a reception.
11. Wedding Reception
* The wedding reception is a lively affair filled with traditional and contemporary music, dance, and food. Guests often “spray” the couple with money as a sign of their blessings and well-wishes. Traditional Edo dishes like Owo soup, pounded yam, and banga soup are commonly served.
12. Post-Wedding Rituals
* After the wedding, there may be additional rituals, such as the bride visiting the groom’s extended family or special prayers and offerings made at the family shrine. These rituals are meant to ensure the couple’s happiness and the blessings of their ancestors.
Edo wedding traditions emphasize the importance of family, cultural heritage, and community. The ceremonies are a blend of royal grandeur, spirituality, and festive celebration, making them one of the most colorful and culturally rich wedding traditions in Nigeria.
